Dr M. Mohsin Alam Bhat, BA LLB (Nalsar, India), LLM and JSD (Yale)

Senior Lecturer (Associate Professor) in Law
Email: m.bhat@qmul.ac.ukRoom Number: Mile End
Profile
Mohsin Alam Bhat is a Senior Lecturer (Associate Professor) in Law at Queen Mary University of London, specializing in constitutional law and human rights. His expertise spans minority rights, religious regulation, and the law of democracy, examined through comparative, socio-legal, and cross-disciplinary lenses.
Mohsin's current research investigates the challenges posed to democracy, minority rights, and the rule of law by authoritarianism in democratic or quasi-democratic settings. He also explores democratic resilience, particularly the role of electoral commissions in India and similar jurisdictions in safeguarding electoral integrity.
His scholarship engages with critical issues at the intersection of law, religion, and politics. Mohsin's work on secularism examines how post-colonial challenges related to national identity, state formation, and constitutional reform influence religious regulation. He is currently working on a book manuscript that traces the legal mobilization for affirmative action among India’s marginalized Muslim communities. Based on extensive fieldwork, the book offers a compelling view of how these communities adopt and engage with the principles of equal and secular citizenship, showcasing the constitutional practices of ordinary citizens in Global South contexts.
Mohsin's academic research has been published in leading legal and cross-disciplinary journals, including the Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, Social and Legal Studies, Asian Journal of Comparative Law, and the Journal of Interpersonal Violence. His public commentary has appeared in prominent outlets such as The Baffler, The Indian Express, and Hindustan Times. He has also shared his expertise on platforms like BBC London Radio, NDTV, Al Jazeera, and in reports by Human Rights Watch.
A committed advocate for marginalized communities, Mohsin’s work on minority rights—particularly on hate crime, citizenship law, and housing discrimination—is grounded in extensive field research and legal clinical work in India. He is an active participant in non-academic spaces, collaborating with civil society and non-academic colleagues. Mohsin is a co-founder of Parichay, a legal aid initiative that supports individuals facing citizenship deprivation in India. He also serves on the editorial board of Article-14, a digital platform dedicated to civil liberties issues in India.
Before joining Queen Mary, Mohsin taught at Jindal Global Law School in India, where he was the Executive Director of the Centre for Public Interest Law and led legal clinics on hate crime and statelessness. He is also a visiting faculty member in the LLM in International & European Law program at Faculté de Droit, Université Catholique de Lille. Mohsin holds a law degree from NALSAR University of Law (India) and earned his LLM and JSD from Yale Law School.
Undergraduate Teaching
Postgraduate Teaching
SOLM069 International Human Rights Law: Theory, History, Politics
Research
Publications
Special Issue Editor
- Bhat, Mohsin Alam & Rudabeh Shahid (eds.), “Mutual Attrition of Citizenship, Democracy, and the Rule of Law in South and Southeast Asia,” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies (2024).
- Bhat, Mohsin Alam (ed.), “Hate Crimes in India,” Jindal Global Law Review, 11 (2020).
Journal Articles
- Bhat, Mohsin Alam & Arushi Gupta, Citizenship on Trial: Suspicion, Silence and Majoritarian Legality, (2025) Asian Journal of Law and Society, forthcoming.
- Bhat, Mohsin Alam & Rudabeh Shahid, “Introduction: Mutual Attrition of Citizenship, Democracy, and the Rule of Law in South and Southeast Asia,” (2024) Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 50(19), 4787–4808.
- Bhat, Mohsin Alam, “(Un)Credible Citizen: Citizenship Dispossession and the Politics of the Rule of Law in India,” (2024) Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 50(19), 4867–4890.
- Bhat, Mohsin Alam & Neil Chakraborti, “Lost in Translation? Applying the Hate Crime Concept to an Indian Context,” (2024) Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 39(17-18), 3855-3875.
- Bhat, Mohsin Alam, “‘The Irregular’ and the Unmaking of Minority Citizenship: The Rules of Law in Majoritarian India,” (2024) Social & Legal Studies, 33(5), 690-721.
- Bhat, Mohsin Alam, Amanda Perry-Kessaris & Joanna Perry, “Conceptual Experimentation through Design in Pedagogical Contexts: Lessons from an Anti-Hate Crime Project in India,” (2023) The Law Teacher, 57(4), 437–457.
- Bhat, Mohsin Alam, Mayur Suresh & Deepa Das Acevedo, “Authoritarianism in Indian State, Law and Society,” (2022) Verfassung und Recht in Übersee / World Comparative Law, 55, 459 - 477. DOI: http://doi.org/10.5771/0506-7286-2022-4. Available via SSRN.
- Bhat, Mohsin Alam, “Governing Democracy Outside the Law: India’s Election Commission and the Challenge of Accountability,” (2021) Asian Journal of Comparative Law, 16, S85-S104.
- Bhat, Mohsin Alam, “Religious Freedom in Contest: Enforcing Religion through Anti-Conversion Laws in India,” Journal of Law, Religion and State, (2021) Journal of Law, Religion and State, 9(2-3), 178-211. https://doi.org/10.1163/22124810-2021J003. Available via SSRN.
- Bhat, Mohsin Alam, Vidisha Bajaj & Sanjana Kumar, “The Crime Vanishes: Mob Lynching, Hate Crime and Police Discretion in India,” (2020) Jindal Global Law Review, 11, 33–59.
- Bhat, Mohsin Alam, “Mob, Murder, Motivation: The Emergence of Hate Crimes Discourse in India,” (2020) Socio-Legal Review, 16, 76. DOI: https://doi.org/10.55496/YNWA7584. Available via SSRN.
- Bhat, Mohsin Alam, “The Constitutional Case against the Citizenship Amendment Bill,” (2019) Economic and Political Weekly, 54(3). Available on SSRN.
- Bhat, Mohsin Alam, “‘Muslim Caste’ under Indian Law: Between Uniformity, Autonomy and Equality,” (2017) Quaderni di Diritto e Politica Ecclesiastica, 20(4), 165 . DOI: 10.1440/88471. Available via SSRN.
- Bhat, Mohsin Alam, “Constructing Secularism: Separating Religion and State under the Indian Constitution,” (2010) Australian Journal of Asian Law, 11, 29 .
Book Sections and Chapters
- Bhat, Mohsin Alam & Aparna Chandra, “Law as Resilience and Law as Roadblocks: Protest Politics and Resistance in India”, in Legal Resistance to Autocracy: The Global Fight to Save Democracy (Octávio Luiz Motta Ferraz, Natasha Lindstaedt, David Trubek, Oscar Vilhena Vieira eds., forthcoming 2026)
- Bhat, Mohsin Alam, “Majoritarianism”, in the Oxford Handbook of Law and Autocracy (Cora Chan, Madhav Khosla, Benjamin Liebman, and Mark Tushnet eds., forthcoming 2025). Available on SSRN.
- Bhat, Mohsin Alam, “Citizenship,” in Cambridge Handbook to the Indian Constitution (Niraja Gopal, Aparna Chandra & Gautam Bhatia eds., Cambridge University Press, forthcoming 2025). Available via SSRN.
- Bhat, Mohsin Alam, “The Doubtful Citizen: Irregularization and Precarious Citizenship in India,” in Statelessness in Asia (Michelle Foster, Jaclyn Neo & Christoph Sperfeldt eds., Cambridge University Press, 2024). Available via SSRN.
- Bhat, Mohsin Alam, “Between Trust and Democracy: The Election Commission of India and the Question of Constitutional Accountability,” in Constitutional Resilience Beyond Courts: Views from South Asia (Swati Jhaveri, Tarunabh Khaitan & Dinesha Samararatne eds., Bloomsbury Publishing, 2023). Available via SSRN.
- Bhat, Mohsin Alam, “The Parliament and State Legislatures of India,” in Routledge Handbook of Asian Parliaments (Po Jen Yap & Rehan Abeyratne eds., Routledge, 2023), 178. Available via SSRN.
- Bhat, Mohsin Alam, “Court as a Symbolic Resource: Indra Sawhney Case and the Dalit Muslim Mobilization,” in A Qualified Hope: The Indian Supreme Court and Progressive Social Change (Gerald N. Rosenberg, Sudhir Krishnaswamy & Shishir Bail eds., Cambridge University Press, 2019). Available via SSRN.
- Bhat, Mohsin Alam, “Equality in Secularism: Contemporary Debates on Social Stratification and the Indian Constitution,” in Regulating Religion in Asia: Norms, Modes, and Challenges (J. Neo, A.A. Jamal & D.P.S. Goh eds., Cambridge University Press, 2019). Available via SSRN.
Other Publications
- Bhat, Mohsin Alam , Arushi Gupta & Shardul Gopujkar, Unmaking Citizens: The Architecture of Rights Violations and Exclusion in India’s Citizenship Trials (Report: NLSIU & QMUL), July 26, 2025.
- Bhat, Mohsin Alam, Theorising Law under the Conditions of Democratic Backsliding: Book Review of Arvind Narrain’s ‘India’s Undeclared Emergency’, (2025) Economic and Political Weekly, 60(23), 30-34. DOI: https://doi.org/10.71279/epw.v60i23.41447. Available on SSRN.
- Bhat, Mohsin Alam & Aashish Yadav, “On the Verge: Revocation and Denial of Citizenship in India,” in Revocation of Citizenship: The New Policies of Conditional Membership (Emilien L. M. Fargues & Iseult Honohan eds., EUI RSC, 2021/23, Global Governance Programme-438, GLOBALCIT). Also available via SSRN.
- Bhat, Mohsin Alam, “Twilight Citizenship,” Seminar Magazine, 729 (May 2020). Available via SSRN.
- Bhat, Mohsin Alam, Harsh Mander & Abdul Kalam Azad, “Citizenship and the Mass Production of Statelessness in Assam,” in India Exclusion Report, 4, 189 (Three Essays Collective & Centre for Equity Studies, 2020). Available via SSRN.
- Bhat, Mohsin Alam & Aashish Yadav et al., “Securing Citizenship: India’s Legal Obligations towards Precarious Citizens and Stateless Persons” (Center for Public Interest Law, Jindal Global Law School, 2020).
- Bhat, Mohsin Alam & Suroor Mander, “Purgatory in Kashmir: Violation of Juvenile Justice in the Indian Jammu and Kashmir,” (Yoda Press, 2019). Available via SSRN.
Supervision
Mohsin welcomes proposals for postgraduate supervision in his research areas, particularly law and religion, minority rights, and democracy and authoritarianism.
Public Engagement
Report ‘Unmaking Citizens’ (July 2025) of Denationalisation Trials in India
Mohsin Alam Bhat released his report on denationalisation politics in India — Unmaking Citizens: The Architecture of Rights Violations and Exclusion in India’s Citizenship Trials — in New Delhi on 26 July 2025. The report critiques the quasi-legal and administrative mechanisms known as “Foreigners Tribunals” in the eastern state of Assam, where more than 165,000 persons have already been declared “foreigners” and over one million cases are still expected to be heard. Based on extensive field interviews with practising lawyers and a survey of more than 1,200 High Court cases, the report argues that these mechanisms violate both international human rights law and India’s constitutional norms, calling for their complete overhaul.
Coverage in major print and video outlets:
- Ravish Kumar’s episode (Hindi): नागरिकता के नाम पर धांधली, डराने का खेल, गुरुग्राम से लेकर असम तक
- Times of India: “Typos, technicalities used to deny citizenship claims in Assam: Report”
- The Hindu: “Assam’s Foreigners’ Tribunals disregard constitutional safeguards: report”
Mohsin’s interviews on the report’s findings:
- “You Can Appeal Against Bounced Cheques But Not If You Lose Your Citizenship” in Hindi, The Wire (July 2025)
- “Prof Mohsin Alam Bhat & Rupali Samuel on Constitutional Violations in Assam’s Foreigners Tribunals” in English, Live Law (August 2025)
Mohsin’s writings on the report :
- When Citizenship Is Denied Without a Hearing: The Crisis of Ex Parte Decisions in Assam’s Foreigners Tribunals, Article 14 (7 August 2025)
- How the Gauhati High Court Allowed Citizenship to Become a Gamble, Without Safeguards & Accountability, Article 14 (19 August 2025)
- Citizenship Eroded: Systemic Violations Of Constitutional Norms In Assam's Foreigners Tribunal Regime, Live Law (12 August 2025)
Recently Quoted in the News
- ‘Halal township’ near Mumbai spurs outrage even as Muslim tenants, home owners battle discrimination, The Strait Time (14 September 2025)
- In India, Immigration Raids Detain Thousands and Create a Climate of Fear, The New York Time (10 August 2025)
- In India’s deportation drive, Muslim men recount being tossed into the sea, The Washington Post (11 July 2025)
Recent Interviews
- Mohsin Alam Bhat & Harsh Mander on the threat to Muslims as a crisis for India’s democracy, Himal Southasian podcast (23 July 2025)
- 'No Muslims Allowed': How Hindutva Fuels Housing Discrimination in Uttar Pradesh, The Quint (2 September 2022)
- The Citizenship Amendment Act's Next Chapter, Grand Tamasha Podcast (20 March 2024)